Rails

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 Active Storage's proxy controller does not limit the number of byte ranges in an HTTP Range header. A request with thousands of small ranges causes disproportionate CPU usage compared to a normal request for the same file, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-26T21:03:25.319Z
Updated: 2026-03-30T11:42:24.885Z

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, Active Storage's `DiskService#delete_prefixed` passes blob keys directly to `Dir.glob` without escaping glob metacharacters. If a blob key contains attacker-controlled input or custom-generated keys with glob metacharacters, it may be possible to delete unintended files from the storage directory. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:34:52.715Z
Updated: 2026-03-24T15:44:19.018Z

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, Active Storage's `DiskService#path_for` does not validate that the resolved filesystem path remains within the storage root directory. If a blob key containing path traversal sequences (e.g. `../`) is used, it could allow reading, writing, or deleting arbitrary files on the server. Blob keys are expected to be trusted strings, but some applications could be passing user input as keys and would be affected. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:31:41.785Z
Updated: 2026-03-25T03:56:06.239Z

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, Active Support number helpers accept strings containing scientific notation (e.g. `1e10000`), which `BigDecimal` expands into extremely large decimal representations. This can cause excessive memory allocation and CPU consumption when the expanded number is formatted, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:29:27.933Z
Updated: 2026-03-24T18:42:48.858Z

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, when serving files through Active Storage's proxy delivery mode, the proxy controller loads the entire requested byte range into memory before sending it. A request with a large or unbounded Range header (e.g. `bytes=0-`) could cause the server to allocate memory proportional to the file size, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability through memory exhaustion. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:24:55.594Z
Updated: 2026-03-24T13:40:32.031Z

Active Storage allows users to attach cloud and local files in Rails applications. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `DirectUploadsController` accepts arbitrary metadata from the client and persists it on the blob. Because internal flags like `identified` and `analyzed` are stored in the same metadata hash, a direct-upload client can set these flags to skip MIME detection and analysis. This allows an attacker to upload arbitrary content while claiming a safe `content_type`, bypassing any validations that rely on Active Storage's automatic content type identification. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:21:29.843Z
Updated: 2026-03-24T15:12:50.569Z

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, `SafeBuffer#%` does not propagate the `@html_unsafe` flag to the newly created buffer. If a `SafeBuffer` is mutated in place (e.g. via `gsub!`) and then formatted with `%` using untrusted arguments, the result incorrectly reports `html_safe? == true`, bypassing ERB auto-escaping and possibly leading to XSS. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:09:48.923Z
Updated: 2026-03-25T19:20:28.280Z

Active Support is a toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. `NumberToDelimitedConverter` uses a lookahead-based regular expression with `gsub!` to insert thousands delimiters. Prior to versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1, the interaction between the repeated lookahead group and `gsub!` can produce quadratic time complexity on long digit strings. Versions 8.1.2.1, 8.0.4.1, and 7.2.3.1 contain a patch.

Published: 2026-03-23T23:07:07.630Z
Updated: 2026-03-24T15:46:43.465Z

Action Mailer is a framework for designing email service layers. Starting in version 3.0.0 and prior to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, and 7.2.1.1, there is a possible ReDoS vulnerability in the block_format helper in Action Mailer. Carefully crafted text can cause the block_format helper to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. All users running an affected release should either upgrade to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, or 7.2.1.1 or apply the relevant patch immediately. As a workaround, users can avoid calling the `block_format` helper or upgrade to Ruby 3.2. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rails applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. Rails 8.0.0.beta1 requires Ruby 3.2 or greater so is unaffected.

Published: 2024-10-16T20:55:33.958Z
Updated: 2024-10-17T16:31:00.794Z

Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. Starting in version 4.0.0 and prior to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, and 7.2.1.1, there is a possible ReDoS vulnerability in Action Controller's HTTP Token authentication. For applications using HTTP Token authentication via `authenticate_or_request_with_http_token` or similar, a carefully crafted header may cause header parsing to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. All users running an affected release should either upgrade to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, or 7.2.1.1 or apply the relevant patch immediately. One may choose to use Ruby 3.2 as a workaround.Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rails applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. Rails 8.0.0.beta1 depends on Ruby 3.2 or greater so is unaffected.

Published: 2024-10-16T20:02:34.722Z
Updated: 2024-10-17T16:36:00.367Z

Action Text brings rich text content and editing to Rails. Instances of ActionText::Attachable::ContentAttachment included within a rich_text_area tag could potentially contain unsanitized HTML. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.3.4 and 7.2.0.beta2.

Published: 2024-06-04T19:53:59.774Z
Updated: 2024-08-02T02:13:39.964Z

Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. Since 6.1.0, the application configurable Permissions-Policy is only served on responses with an HTML related Content-Type. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.1.7.8, 7.0.8.2, and 7.1.3.3.

Published: 2024-06-04T19:47:44.199Z
Updated: 2024-12-06T13:09:28.269Z

Rails is a web-application framework. Starting with version 5.2.0, there is a possible sensitive session information leak in Active Storage. By default, Active Storage sends a Set-Cookie header along with the user's session cookie when serving blobs. It also sets Cache-Control to public. Certain proxies may cache the Set-Cookie, leading to an information leak. The vulnerability is fixed in 7.0.8.1 and 6.1.7.7.

Published: 2024-02-27T15:44:04.166Z
Updated: 2025-02-13T17:41:06.989Z

Rails is a web-application framework. There is a possible XSS vulnerability when using the translation helpers in Action Controller. Applications using translation methods like translate, or t on a controller, with a key ending in "_html", a :default key which contains untrusted user input, and the resulting string is used in a view, may be susceptible to an XSS vulnerability. The vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.3.1 and 7.0.8.1.

Published: 2024-02-27T15:33:54.643Z
Updated: 2025-02-13T17:41:06.380Z

Rails is a web-application framework. Starting in version 7.1.0, there is a possible ReDoS vulnerability in the Accept header parsing routines of Action Dispatch. This vulnerability is patched in 7.1.3.1. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rails applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected.

Published: 2024-02-27T15:25:44.103Z
Updated: 2025-02-13T17:41:05.743Z

Clockwork Web before 0.1.2, when Rails before 5.2 is used, allows CSRF.

Published: 2023-02-02T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2025-03-26T17:35:33.917Z

An open redirect vulnerability is fixed in Rails 7.0.4.1 with the new protection against open redirects from calling redirect_to with untrusted user input. In prior versions the developer was fully responsible for only providing trusted input. However the check introduced could allow an attacker to bypass with a carefully crafted URL resulting in an open redirect vulnerability.

Published: 2023-02-09T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2025-03-24T20:07:28.983Z

A regular expression based DoS vulnerability in Action Dispatch <6.1.7.1 and <7.0.4.1 related to the If-None-Match header. A specially crafted HTTP If-None-Match header can cause the regular expression engine to enter a state of catastrophic backtracking, when on a version of Ruby below 3.2.0. This can cause the process to use large amounts of CPU and memory, leading to a possible DoS vulnerability All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Published: 2023-02-09T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-02T10:20:30.901Z

A regular expression based DoS vulnerability in Action Dispatch <6.0.6.1,< 6.1.7.1, and <7.0.4.1. Specially crafted cookies, in combination with a specially crafted X_FORWARDED_HOST header can cause the regular expression engine to enter a state of catastrophic backtracking. This can cause the process to use large amounts of CPU and memory, leading to a possible DoS vulnerability All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Published: 2023-02-09T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2025-03-24T20:30:41.601Z

Puma is a Ruby/Rack web server built for parallelism. Prior to `puma` version `5.6.2`, `puma` may not always call `close` on the response body. Rails, prior to version `7.0.2.2`, depended on the response body being closed in order for its `CurrentAttributes` implementation to work correctly. The combination of these two behaviors (Puma not closing the body + Rails' Executor implementation) causes information leakage. This problem is fixed in Puma versions 5.6.2 and 4.3.11. This problem is fixed in Rails versions 7.02.2, 6.1.4.6, 6.0.4.6, and 5.2.6.2. Upgrading to a patched Rails _or_ Puma version fixes the vulnerability.

Published: 2022-02-11T21:40:11.000Z
Updated: 2025-04-23T19:05:33.266Z

Action Pack is a framework for handling and responding to web requests. Under certain circumstances response bodies will not be closed. In the event a response is *not* notified of a `close`, `ActionDispatch::Executor` will not know to reset thread local state for the next request. This can lead to data being leaked to subsequent requests.This has been fixed in Rails 7.0.2.1, 6.1.4.5, 6.0.4.5, and 5.2.6.1. Upgrading is highly recommended, but to work around this problem a middleware described in GHSA-wh98-p28r-vrc9 can be used.

Published: 2022-02-11T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T03:51:44.739Z

A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack >= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.

Published: 2021-10-18T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:26.009Z

The actionpack ruby gem before 6.1.3.2, 6.0.3.7, 5.2.4.6, 5.2.6 suffers from a possible denial of service vulnerability in the Token Authentication logic in Action Controller due to a too permissive regular expression. Impacted code uses `authenticate_or_request_with_http_token` or `authenticate_with_http_token` for request authentication.

Published: 2021-06-11T15:49:38.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:25.438Z

The actionpack ruby gem before 6.1.3.2 suffers from a possible open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted Host headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. This is similar to CVE-2021-22881. Strings in config.hosts that do not have a leading dot are converted to regular expressions without proper escaping. This causes, for example, `config.hosts << "sub.example.com"` to permit a request with a Host header value of `sub-example.com`.

Published: 2021-06-11T15:49:38.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:25.786Z

The actionpack ruby gem (a framework for handling and responding to web requests in Rails) before 6.0.3.7, 6.1.3.2 suffers from a possible denial of service vulnerability in the Mime type parser of Action Dispatch. Carefully crafted Accept headers can cause the mime type parser in Action Dispatch to do catastrophic backtracking in the regular expression engine.

Published: 2021-06-11T15:49:38.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:25.713Z

A possible information disclosure / unintended method execution vulnerability in Action Pack >= 2.0.0 when using the `redirect_to` or `polymorphic_url`helper with untrusted user input.

Published: 2021-05-27T11:15:32.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:24.813Z

The Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5 suffers from an open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted `Host` headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot. When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted `Host` header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.

Published: 2021-02-11T16:12:34.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:24.786Z

The PostgreSQL adapter in Active Record before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5, 5.2.4.5 suffers from a regular expression denial of service (REDoS) vulnerability. Carefully crafted input can cause the input validation in the `money` type of the PostgreSQL adapter in Active Record to spend too much time in a regular expression, resulting in the potential for a DoS attack. This only impacts Rails applications that are using PostgreSQL along with money type columns that take user input.

Published: 2021-02-11T16:11:22.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-03T18:58:24.778Z

In actionpack gem >= 6.0.0, a possible XSS vulnerability exists when an application is running in development mode allowing an attacker to send or embed (in another page) a specially crafted URL which can allow the attacker to execute JavaScript in the context of the local application. This vulnerability is in the Actionable Exceptions middleware.

Published: 2021-01-06T21:02:35.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T09:56:28.149Z

A denial of service vulnerability exists in Rails <6.0.3.2 that allowed an untrusted user to run any pending migrations on a Rails app running in production.

Published: 2020-07-02T18:35:06.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T09:56:28.317Z

A CSRF vulnerability exists in rails <= 6.0.3 rails-ujs module that could allow attackers to send CSRF tokens to wrong domains.

Published: 2020-06-19T17:16:06.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T09:48:25.785Z

A CSRF forgery vulnerability exists in rails < 5.2.5, rails < 6.0.4 that makes it possible for an attacker to, given a global CSRF token such as the one present in the authenticity_token meta tag, forge a per-form CSRF token.

Published: 2020-07-02T18:35:17.000Z
Updated: 2026-04-28T15:45:49.012Z

A deserialization of untrusted data vulnernerability exists in rails < 5.2.4.3, rails < 6.0.3.1 that can allow an attacker to unmarshal user-provided objects in MemCacheStore and RedisCacheStore potentially resulting in an RCE.

Published: 2020-06-19T17:05:30.000Z
Updated: 2025-05-09T20:03:28.191Z

A deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability exists in rails < 5.2.4.3, rails < 6.0.3.1 which can allow an attacker to supply information can be inadvertently leaked fromStrong Parameters.

Published: 2020-06-19T17:04:13.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T09:48:25.653Z

The is a code injection vulnerability in versions of Rails prior to 5.0.1 that wouldallow an attacker who controlled the `locals` argument of a `render` call to perform a RCE.

Published: 2020-07-02T18:35:12.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T09:48:25.683Z

A client side enforcement of server side security vulnerability exists in rails < 5.2.4.2 and rails < 6.0.3.1 ActiveStorage's S3 adapter that allows the Content-Length of a direct file upload to be modified by an end user bypassing upload limits.

Published: 2020-06-19T17:02:42.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T09:48:25.603Z

A remote code execution vulnerability in development mode Rails <5.2.2.1, <6.0.0.beta3 can allow an attacker to guess the automatically generated development mode secret token. This secret token can be used in combination with other Rails internals to escalate to a remote code execution exploit.

Published: 2019-03-27T13:48:13.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T19:54:53.584Z

There is a possible denial of service vulnerability in Action View (Rails) <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 where specially crafted accept headers can cause action view to consume 100% cpu and make the server unresponsive.

Published: 2019-03-27T13:43:19.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-04T19:54:53.468Z

There is a File Content Disclosure vulnerability in Action View <5.2.2.1, <5.1.6.2, <5.0.7.2, <4.2.11.1 and v3 where specially crafted accept headers can cause contents of arbitrary files on the target system's filesystem to be exposed.

Published: 2019-03-27T13:38:58.000Z
Updated: 2025-10-21T23:45:41.038Z

A bypass vulnerability in Active Storage >= 5.2.0 for Google Cloud Storage and Disk services allow an attacker to modify the `content-disposition` and `content-type` parameters which can be used in with HTML files and have them executed inline. Additionally, if combined with other techniques such as cookie bombing and specially crafted AppCache manifests, an attacker can gain access to private signed URLs within a specific storage path. This vulnerability has been fixed in version 5.2.1.1.

Published: 2018-11-30T19:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-05T10:24:32.757Z

A Broken Access Control vulnerability in Active Job versions >= 4.2.0 allows an attacker to craft user input which can cause Active Job to deserialize it using GlobalId and give them access to information that they should not have. This vulnerability has been fixed in versions 4.2.11, 5.0.7.1, 5.1.6.1, and 5.2.1.1.

Published: 2018-11-30T19:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-05T10:24:32.802Z

SQL injection vulnerability in the 'where' method in Ruby on Rails 5.1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the 'id' parameter. NOTE: The vendor disputes this issue because the documentation states that this method is not intended for use with untrusted input

Published: 2017-12-29T16:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-05T21:06:49.390Z

SQL injection vulnerability in the 'find_by' method in Ruby on Rails 5.1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the 'name' parameter. NOTE: The vendor disputes this issue because the documentation states that this method is not intended for use with untrusted input

Published: 2017-12-29T16:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-05T21:06:49.368Z

Active Model in Ruby on Rails 4.1.x before 4.1.14.1, 4.2.x before 4.2.5.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.beta1.1 supports the use of instance-level writers for class accessors, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended validation steps via crafted parameters.

Published: 2016-02-16T02:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-05T22:30:04.636Z

Directory traversal vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.22.1, 4.0.x and 4.1.x before 4.1.14.1, 4.2.x before 4.2.5.1, and 5.x before 5.0.0.beta1.1 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files by leveraging an application's unrestricted use of the render method and providing a .. (dot dot) in a pathname.

Published: 2016-02-16T02:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2025-10-21T23:55:55.440Z

Directory traversal vulnerability in actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb in the implicit-render implementation in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.18, 4.0.x before 4.0.5, and 4.1.x before 4.1.1, when certain route globbing configurations are enabled, allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted request.

Published: 2014-05-07T10:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2025-10-22T00:05:37.800Z

Multiple format string vulnerabilities in log_subscriber.rb files in the log subscriber component in Action Mailer in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.15 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted e-mail address that is improperly handled during construction of a log message.

Published: 2013-10-17T00:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-06T16:45:13.235Z

active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb in Ruby on Rails before 2.3.15, 3.0.x before 3.0.19, 3.1.x before 3.1.10, and 3.2.x before 3.2.11 does not properly restrict casts of string values, which allows remote attackers to conduct object-injection attacks and execute arbitrary code, or cause a denial of service (memory and CPU consumption) involving nested XML entity references, by leveraging Action Pack support for (1) YAML type conversion or (2) Symbol type conversion.

Published: 2013-01-13T22:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-06T14:18:09.436Z

Ruby on Rails 3.0.x before 3.0.19, 3.1.x before 3.1.10, and 3.2.x before 3.2.11 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the JSON implementation, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks or trigger missing WHERE clauses via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain "[nil]" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660 and CVE-2012-2694.

Published: 2013-01-13T22:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-06T14:18:09.462Z

The Authlogic gem for Ruby on Rails, when used with certain versions before 3.2.10, makes potentially unsafe find_by_id method calls, which might allow remote attackers to conduct CVE-2012-6496 SQL injection attacks via a crafted parameter in environments that have a known secret_token value, as demonstrated by a value contained in secret_token.rb in an open-source product.

Published: 2013-01-04T02:00:00.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-06T21:28:39.841Z

A cross-site scripting vulnerability flaw was found in the auto_link function in Rails before version 3.0.6.

Published: 2021-10-19T13:29:55.000Z
Updated: 2024-08-06T22:28:41.705Z